Cooking
Seafood
How to STEAM Seafood
1.
Choose a broad, shallow pan with a steaming rack
that fits snugly. Be sure you also have a lid
that will fit snuggly over the steaming pan.
2.
Arrange the seafood on a heatproof plate that fits
into the steamer. Sprinkle the seafood with
seasoning and aromatic vegetables as called for in
the
recipe.
3.
Bring the water to a boil in the steamer. set
the plate of seafood on the steamer rack, put the
rack over the boiling water and cover tightly with
the lid.
4.
Steam the seafood until it it opaque through the
center of the thickest part. Transfer the
seafood and vegetables to individual plates and
serve.
Good
for:
* All Fish fillets or
steaks (avoid meaty fish such as tuna)
*
All shellfish
*
Whole fish (as large as the steamer can accomodate)
Technique
Tips
For Steaming, seafood is set
on a rack (not touching) boiling water in a covered
pan. The steam circulates around the seafood
and evenly cooks it with moist heat. No added
fat is needed, making this one of the most
health-conscious cooking methods.
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How
to BAKE Seafood
1. Preheat the oven.
Arrange the seafood in an even layer in a lightly
oiled or buttered baking dish, folding the ends
under for even cooking.
2.
Sprinkle the seafood with the seasoning, coating,
vegetables or whatever is called for in the recipe.
3.
Bake the seafood until it is opaque through the
thickest part. The time will vary, but 10
minutes per inch of thickness is a good rule of
thumb.
4.
Transfer the seafood and vegetables to individual
plates. Spoon any remaining cooking juices
over the seafood and serve immediately.
Good
for:
* All Fish fillets or
steaks
*
All shellfish
*
Whole fish (as large as the over can accommodate)
Technique
Tips
Baking is so versatile that
everything from thin fillets to oysters on the
half-shell to large whole fish can be baked.
Smaller fillets or fish pieces should cook at a high
temperature (425 F) so that they can cook quickly
and retain moisture. Large pieces and whole
fish should be cooked at a moderate temperature (350
F) so that the heat can penetrate to the interior
without cooking the exterior.
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How
to BROIL Seafood
1. Combine the marinade
ingredients in a shallow dish and stir to mix.
Add the seafood and turn to evenly coat. Or
lightly season with salt and pepper.
2.
Set the oven rack 3-4 inches from the top and
preheat the broiler. Line a broiler pan with
foil and lightly oil. Take the seafood from
the marinade. Arrange the pieces on the
prepared broiler pan.
3.
Broil the seafood for a few minutes, as directed in
the recipe. Turn the seafood and spoon on any
reserved marinade, if using.
4.
Continue broiling until the seafood is just opaque
through the thickest part (cut to test).
Transfer to individual plates and serve.
Good
for:
* Fillets or steaks
1/4 to 1 1/2 inches thick
*
Shrimp, scallops, squid (preferably skewered)
*
Whole fish (as large as the over can accommodate)
Technique
Tips
Baking is so versatile that
everything from thin fillets to oysters on the
half-shell to large whole fish can be baked.
Smaller fillets or fish pieces should cook at a high
temperature (425 F) so that they can cook quickly
and retain moisture. Large pieces and whole
fish should be cooked at a moderate temperature (350
F) so that the heat can penetrate to the interior
without cooking the exterior.
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How
to Poach Seafood
1. Combine water and seasoning
in a broad, shallow pan, checking that the liquid is
deep enough to cover the seafood.
2.
Bring the liquid to a rolling boil, then reduce the
heat so that the liquid actively moves, but o
bubbles break the surface. Add the
seafood
3.
Poach, uncovered, until the seafood is opaque
through the thickest part. Transfer the
seafood to a plate, cover to keep warm and set aside
4.
Ladle some cooking liquid through a strainer into a
small pan and boil to reduce by half. Season
as directed. Spoon the sauce over the seafood
and serve.
Good
for:
Scallops, shrimp,
squid, shucked oysters. Whole fish as poacher
size allows. Fish fillets and steaks.
Avoid tuna, swordfish, shark.
Technique
Tips
In poaching, seafood is
submerged in hot liquid. The liquid can be
plain water, or it can be mixed with seasonings,
herbs, fish stock, wine or other flavorful
additions. The best pan for poaching is broad
and shallow, rather than narrow and tall, so the
seafood can lie flat in an even layer. It’s
important to remember that “poaching” is not the
same thing as “boiling”. Boiling can
damage the seafood, breaking it into pieces and
cooking it unevenly. Remaining cooking liquid,
especially if it contains herbs or fish stock, is
delicious and can be strained to use as a soup base
or boiled and reduced for a sauce.
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How
to Sauté Seafood
1. Lightly pat the seafood dry
with paper towel to reduce splattering during
cooking. Dust with coating and pat to remove
excess.
2.
Heat the oil or butter in a heavy skillet over
medium heat. Add the seafood and cook over
medium heat until browned.
3.
Turn the seafood and continue cooking until well
browned and opaque through the thickest part.
Cooking time is about 10 minutes per inch thickness.
4.
Transfer the seafood to plates, cover with foil to
keep warm and make a quick sauce in the
skillet. Pour the sauce over the seafood and
serve immediately.
Good
for:
Whole trout or small
catfish. Fish fillets under 1 ¼ inch
thick. Shucked oysters, large shrimp, scallops
Technique
Tips
Sauteing is a less active
cooking method than its cousin stir-frying.
Sautéing is done over moderate heat, browning the
seafood on one side, then turning it over to finish
cooking on the other. Very thin fillets are
tricky to sauté because they become fragile as they
cook; consider streaming them instead. To
create a nice crisp coating when sautéing first
dust the seafood with a light coating of flour, fine
cornmeal, breadcrumbs or finely chopped nuts.
Because sautéing requires the use of fat (oil,
butter, margarine), you can’t avoid the added
calories, but if you use a skillet with a non-stick
surface you can get away with using a minimum of
added fat.
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How
to Deep-Fry Seafood
1. Fill an electric fryer or
heavy, deep pan about 1/3 full of vegetable oil and
preheat to 375 degrees. Coat the seafood with
seasoned flour; pat to remove the excess.
2.
Dip the seafood quickly in milk, then thoroughly
cover with the outer coating. Pat to remove
excess and set aside on a plate.
3.
Gently add the seafood; the oil should bubble
actively around the seafood, indicating it is the
correct temperature.
4.
Fry until evenly browned, gently turning once or
twice for even cooking. To check if done, cut
into one piece to see if it is opaque through.
Drain on paper towels before serving.
Caution:
Deep-frying
requires careful attention to avoid fire, or other
accidents. Never fill a fryer more than 1/3
full of oil. Keep handles and cords directly
toward the back of the work area to avoid tipping
the fryer. Take care that no water comes in
contact with the hot oil or it will splatter
violently. Keep an open box of baking soda on
hand for small flare-ups. Every kitchen should
be equipped with a fire extinguisher.
Technique
Tips
Most types of seafood can be
deep-fried, though some are better than
others. Among the best are shrimp, scallops,
oysters, squid and white fish such as cod, halibut
and sole. The seafood pieces should be equally
sized to ensure even cooking. The most
important part of successful frying is thoroughly
coating the food before placing it in the hot
oil. This forms a protective barrier between
the food and the oil, sealing in moisture and
reducing splattering. Coatings range from
flour to a variety of batters.